Comparison Of Colorectal Cancer Screening Programmes Of Turkey and The European Union
Dr.
Mehmet Eren Yuksel
Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt
University School of Medicine, Intensive Care Unit, Ankara, Turkey. e-mail:
doctormehmeteren@yahoo.com
Dr.
Hasan Dirik
Ankara City Hospital,
Intensive Care Unit, Ankara, Turkey. e-mail: hsndrk_38@hotmail.com
Introduction:
Faecal
immunochemical test (FIT), faecal occult blood test (FOBT), flexible
sigmoidoscopy (FS), Guaiac faecal occult blood test (gFOBT) and total colonoscopy
(TC) can be used for colorectal cancer screening. However, Turkey and other European
countries have different practices for colorectal screening tests, beginning-stopping
ages and screening intervals.
Method:
World
Cancer Report, which was published by World Health Organization (WHO) International
Agency For Research on Cancer in 2020, has been throughly examined (1).
Results:
Colorectal
cancer screening starting age is 40 in Bulgaria and Austria, whereas it is 50
in Belgium, Croatia, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, Scotland, Serbia, Switzerland and Turkey,
and it is 55 in Netherlands, Poland and
Norway, whereas it is 60 in Estonia, Finland, Ireland, Sweden and United
Kingdom. The stopping age for colorectal cancer screening is 60 in Bulgaria, 69
in Turkey, 80 in Austria and Switzerland. Interval period is 1 year in Bulgaria
and Latvia, whereas it is 2 years in most of the European countries. Attendance
to the colorectal screening programme is 1% in Hungary and Portugal, 2% in
Poland, 8% in Greece and Spain,13% in Sweden, 30% in Turkey, 56% in United
Kingdom and 61% in Austria.
Conclusion:
WHO
reported no definitive colorectal cancer screening interval period for Turkey, however,
Turkish Ministry of Health recommends FOBT every 2 years and TC in every 10
years (2). For gFOBT, dietary
restrictions are required before
testing (1). However, FIT is based on human haemoglobin antibodies, and thus it
does not require a special diet before testing. This might explain why FIT is the
preferred colorectal cancer screening test in most of the European countries.
Keywords:
cancer,
colorectal, Europe, screening, Turkey
References:
1- Wild CP, Weiderpass E,
Stewart BW, editors (2020). World Cancer Report: Cancer Research for Cancer
Prevention. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer.
Available from: http://publications.iarc.fr/586. Licence: CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO.
2- Turkish Ministry of Health.
Colorectal Cancer Screening Programme National Standards. Available from: https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/tr/kanser-tarama-standartlari/listesi/kolorektal-kanser-tarama-program%C4%B1-ulusal-standartlar%C4%B1.html
Conference: 2. International Cancer Days, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 16-18 September 2021
https://kansergunleri.cumhuriyet.edu.tr/?page_id=589&lang=tr
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